Lignocaine 1% IO
 
Presentation
• 50mg in 5ml amp (1%)
Pharmacology
• A local anaesthetic agent
Actions
• Prevents initiation and transmission of nerve impulses causing local anaesthesia
Metabolism
• By the liver (90%)
• Excreted unchanged by the kidneys (10%)
Primary Emergency Indications
• To reduce the pain of intraosseous drug and fluid administration in the responsive patient
Contraindications
• Known hypersensitivity
Precautions
• Hypotension and poor perfusion
• Chronic left ventricular failure
• Liver disease
Route of Administration
• Intramuscular with Ceftriaxone only
Side Effects
•Central Nervous System effects (common):
  - drowsiness
  - disorientation
  - decreased hearing
  - blurred vision
  - change or slurring of speech
  - twitching and agitation
  - convulsions
Cardiovascular effects (uncommon):
  - hypotension
  - bradycardia
  - sinus arrest
  - A.V. block Respiratory effects (uncommon):
  - difficulty in breathing - respiratory arrest
Special Notes
 
Therapeutic Effect
IO     
Onset:
1-4min
Peak:
5-10min
Duration:
20min